Zakatech: Readiness and Development of Zakat Fundraising in Indonesia

Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) as a sharia social financial institution offers the latest technology in the process of socialization, service and zakat fundraising. The new model offered is ZakaTech, an online payment model that makes it easier for a muzaki (zakat payer) to fulfill his or her responsibility to pay zakat in the midst of the covid-19 pandemic. In addition, the distribution of zakat funds using ZakaTech method is considered very effective in helping mustahik, especially helping the poor who are economically affected by the covid-19 pandemic. This paper aims to analyze the strategy of developing zakat model with Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) approach and zakatech Readiness Index. The results show that the main strategy needed in terms of developing ZakaTech is the ability of human resources (amil zakat) in managing and analyzing data in the era of big data using digital services. The main elements involved in ZakaTech development in Indonesia include the government as


INTRODUCTION
The world's entry in the Industrial revolution 4.0 has significantly changed the behavior of the industry and also related stakeholders and has a systemic impact on interactions between industries and their stakeholders.The results of the East Ventures Digital Competitiveness Index (EV-DCI) 2021 study show that digital competitiveness between provinces in Indonesia is increasingly evenly distributed.The equity can be seen from the increase in the median score of the digital competitiveness index (EV-DCI) from 27.9 in 2020 to 32.1 in 2021.Based on these findings, zakah institutions in Indonesia must be more prepared by providing adequate human resources and infrastructure in order to capture opportunities for equitable distribution of digitalization in Indonesia which is increasingly showing good performance.
In addition, the Covid-19 pandemiccthattoccurrediinnearlyy20 20 also forced all industrial sectors to reduce mobility and face-to-face activities, forcing most industrial sectors to adopt various digital platforms and carry out massive digital transformation in carrying out their business processes. 1  Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic has also succeeded in changing the way people donate simultaneously, be it the payment of zakah infak and alms as well as other general donations.The results of a survey conducted by one of the largest e-wallets in Indonesia found that the way of donating before and since the Covid-19 pandemic has changed significantly.The survey results show that how to donate through digital channels has increased by 9% and non-digital ways of donating have decreased by 10%.The average increase in digital donations increased by 72%.Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic has also succeeded in changing the way people donate simultaneously, be it the payment of zakah infak and alms as well as other general donations.The results of a survey conducted by one of the largest ewallets in Indonesia found that the way of donating before and since the Covid-19 pandemic has changed significantly.The survey results show that how to donate through digital channels has increased by 9% and non-digital ways of donating have decreased by 10%.The average increase in digital donations increased by 72%.
Then, the community's tendency to make digital donations since the Covid-19 pandemic has increased quite significantly in all groups of society, be it generation Z, Millennials and also X.The results of the survey show that there is an increase in donations through digital channels by 16% for generation Z, an increase of 9% for the millennial generation, and an increase of 7% among generation X.Therefore, these data indicate that during the Covid-19 pandemic, the trend of donations through digital channels has increased in all groups of people.Therefore, as an institution that manages public donations, zakah institutions must immediately respond quickly to the current trend, namely the trend of donations through digital channels which has increased significantly since the Covid-19 pandemic by carrying out various digitalization transformations in zakah management.However, one of the obstacles faced today is that there are still many zakah institutions that do not know the steps that must be taken to carry out the digitalization process in zakah management.Hasanah (2019), Santoso (2019) and Tantriana and Rahmawati (2018) technology basedd zakah development must be applied especially now when the Covid epidemic disaster 19.Therefore, the author will write the development seen from the views of the figures and zakah / pentahelix governance so that later it will provide an overview of the hierarchical policies that will be taken in focus on solving the problem so that the development of this Zakahech in the future.

METHODS
The examination was directed at the BAZNAS of NorthhSumatera, LAZ

Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)
ISM is aaforward plan strategy useddto perceive, inspect and sum up a few relationships among factors which make sense of an issue, issue, or modell (Wise, 1977).ISM givessa method where the two academicianssand specialists can uphold orders and create models about the elements o f a framework by extending the multifaceted design of the relationshipaamong them (Warfield, 1974).
Interpretative Underlying Demonstrating is a dynamic technique that stores from the intricacy of the circumstance by corresponding and sorting out the thoughts into the visual guide.ISM essential idea is utilizing specialists and experts to produce intricacy of the framework into certain subsystems (components) and fabricate a primary order demonstrating.ISM is likewise used to give the fundamental comprehension from the muddled circumstance and organize the methodology to tackle the issue.There is a stage to break down the ISM technique; the primary stage is issue deterioration to the master or professionals (who has better comprehension connected with the issue examined/conceptualizing) to recognize the thoughts of the improvement association, has a superior comprehension of monetary innovation improvement issues.From this conversation, will be investigated the improvement procedures, and the factors utilized in the ISM model.
The subsequent stages is the developing StructurallSelff Interaction Matrix (SSIM) model.SSIM is built from the factors established fromsthe disintegration step, then, at that point, fosters the context oriented connection among factors and assembling intosone variablee "i" and variable "j".The third stage is making a reachability lattice (RM) by talking the V, A, X, and O utilized intos the numbersa 1 and 0.
As indicated by Marimin (2004) In summary, in the dimensions of ZIS collection activities above, the OPZ Digital Readiness Index study provides 11 technical indicators used to accurately and reliably measure the level of OPZ digital readiness, especially in ZIS collection activities accurately and reliably.
In the process of calculating the OPZ Digital Readiness Index using the Multi-Stage Weighted Index method, there are several stages of calculation that begin with the calculation of each variable and dimension and end in calculating the value of the Index as a whole.The mathematical stages of calculating the Digital Readiness Index can be seen as follows: Calculation of the results of the likert scale value on each variable as well as the dimensions of the Zakahech Readiness Index(DRI) as:

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Islamias a widespread religion, is extremely openn to the elements of the improvement of human civilization.No exemption, concerning mechanical advancements in the monetary and monetary fields.So zakah, as an maaliyah sector, should in any case be in the passageway of sharia consistence despite the fact that applying innovation in itsaapplication.Connected with this,3 prescribes that to applyaan administration that is as per sharia standards, an OPZ should meet the arrangements and normalization on two viewpoints: first, the specialized design which incorporates the assurance of the agreement, managerial expenses, and the estimation of zakah.Second, on budget summaries that should be as per the principles and guidelines ofasharia monetary revealing norms.Moreover, to fortify the organization, it should be done constant oversight of sharia, to the advancement of the framework and the executives of zakahythat follows the improvement of fintech.Every component and organization connected with the turn of events and the board of zakah in Indonesia should cooperate with the public authority to form present moment, medium-term and long haul orders and focuses in the administration of zakah.On the off chance that different organizations have a plan for zakah improvement, OPZ should likewise have an outline for zakah advancement.
To understand this, preferably the public authority frames an exceptional establishment or service thatthandles the administration of zakah funds.
Enteringathe digitalitation as it isttoday, innovation is progressively creating.This fast turn of events, brought about tremendous changes in all lines and angles.One might say, in the event that BAZNAS gets by with customary raising support components in this computerized period, all things considered, this won't make a superior commitment, and even will in general be less powerful.On the other hand, when BAZNAS changes, particularly on the gathering pledges side, to be specific by using innovation and computerized media, this will emphatically affect the socialization program attempted 4By expanding innovation and computerized media, the socialization program did by BAZNAS will actually want to cover numerous things.Like that, community to get data connected with zakah in BAZNAS will be more extensive.Indeed, even the public will gain admittance to data without any problem.Mechanical Zakah Raising money Methodology: Open doors and Difficulties in Advanced Time5 improvements that happen later, are the impacts of troublesome development. 6haracterizes troublesome development as an advancement that has prevailed with regards to changing and changing a current framework or a laid out market, with a framework structure that underlines parts of simple entry, comfort, and obviously lower costs.For muzakki, they will feel this straightforwardness regarding paying their zakah through BAZNAS.
Should be seen together, that the quick improvement of media as it is today, generally shows the advancement of an undeniably progressed and creating time.On display, such improvements are just felt on the innovation side.Yet, more than that, the improvement that is shown by innovative advances, is an impression of the advancement of local area culture.Leaving from this peculiarity, the BAZNAS in leading zakah gathering pledges should have the option to change from ordinary systems and techniques, into advanced raising money.In addition, this peculiarity doesn't just enter the universe of infidelity explicitly, yet additionally covers all parts of money that acquaint individuals with the peculiarity of fintech or Zakahech.

Result by Intepretattif Structural Modelling
The resultsyof ISM processinga for the elementsiof need can beeseen below, withtthe followings details: a. Elementaidentification.
The elementsito be used in athe system are identifiedyand listed.The elementsyaree obtained based on the resultsyof research and brainstormingiwith experts in their fields.
The elements of the development of technologysbased zakah fundarizing collaboration or zakatech are described in 6 (six) subselements as follows: Tabel 2 Sub Elements  No. E 1  The divisioni of components intoolevels is utilized to work with diagraph creation.The interaction starts by taking a gander at the reachabilityy setaand forerunner set.Reachabilityy setais a bunch of all components that can be accomplished from the component (Ei).Precursor setais a bunch of all components where the component (Ei) it can be accomplished.The crossing point set was gotten from the reachabilityyset and the predecessor set.The initial step is to take a gander at components that have a similar reachability set and crossing point set, which will be situated at level one.Components that enter level one areecomponents that have no impact on different components.Components that as of now havesa level will be disposed of from the tableeor noteutilized in the following evening out process.The interaction go on with similar strides until every one of the components have their individual levels.Then makingathe sanctioned framework is finished by organizing theefactors in light of the level created from the parcel level, as the last reachability tableewhich is describedd below: Diagraph is a primary model that portrays all components that are straightforwardly connected with one another and the progressive level.Starting diagraphs depend on a standard framework.Allytransitive parts off the underlying diagraphyare eliminated to frame the lastddiagraph.

Figure 4 Diagraf Directionsl Element
In view of the image over, the order that the Service of Religion ( E1 Entering the computerized period as it is today, innovation is progressively creating.This fast turn of events, brought about massive changes in all lines and angles.One might say, assuming BAZNAS gets by with customary raising support components in this computerized time, all things considered, this won't make a superior commitment, and even will in general be less powerful.On the other hand, when BAZNAS changes, particularly on the raising money side, to be specific by using innovation and computerized media, this will emphatically affect the socialization program embraced. 9y boosting innovation and advanced media, the socialization program did by BAZNAS will actually want to cover numerous things.Like that, community to get data connected with zakah in BAZNAS will be more extensive.Indeed, even the public will gain admittance to data without any problem.Should be seen together, that the fast improvement of media as it is today, fundamentally shows the improvement of an undeniably progressed and creating period.On display, such advancements are just felt on the innovation side.However, more than that, the improvement that is shown by innovative advances, is an impression of the advancement of local area culture.Withdrawing from this peculiarity, the BAZNAS in leading zakah raising support should have the option to change from customary components and techniques, into advanced gathering pledges.Additionally, this doesn't just infiltrate the universe of infidelity explicitly, yet in addition covers all parts of money that acquaint individuals with the peculiarity of fintech or Zakahech. In general, in the Digital Readiness Index of Zakah Management Organizations, there are three main dimensions that will be used as observation objects to measure the level of digital readiness  It can be seen in the table above, showing that the value of the index of the dimensions of zakah collection activity, from the results of the calculation of variables and indicators above, the compiler of the formula used at this stage is as follows : DRI={(0,27 ( ) 0,35) + (0,24 ( ) 0,35) + 0,23 ( ) 0,35) + 0,26 ( ) 0,35)} ÷5 DRI= {0,6237 +1,1592+ 0,6279+ 0,837} ÷5 DRI = 0,6496 Based on the calculation above that the range value is at 0.61-0.80 with the GOOD category, with the IT-Developing level meaning That at this stage or level of readiness, the digitization process has been applied to some or most of the main activities in zakah management, then the policy recommendations of this readiness condition are: "Relevant authorities or stakeholders are recommended to provide training or education facilities that are in accordance with the conditions or needs of BANZAS at this level and further strengthen BAZNAS' capacity in implementing the digitization process in the main activities of zakah management and encourage them to go to the next level" In line with the direction oft the Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia, Ma'ruf Amin in the 2019 World Zakah Forum, the digitization of the zakah system in Indonesia has the aim of raising more zakah funds in the world with highly developed information technology.He stated that the digitization of the zakah system can also increase transparency, efficiency, and efficiency in zakah management.On the OPZs side, technology is considered to simplify marketing to the zakah distribution process.In addition, the Zakah Coordinator of the Ministry of Religion, Mr. Asrul, also stated that there are at least three areas that must be improved." "First Area is the awareness of zakah obligations, which can be improved by the use of technology by making mass messaging about zakah obligations possible in certain forms easily digestible by muzakki.The Second Area is the collection of zakah, which can be made simpler so that muzakki can face less difficulty in paying their zakah.In this regard, Ma'ruf Amin assessed that the current partnerships with various digital platforms have been well executed, while the room for improvement is still there and the third area is distribution.The distribution report can be improved so that people can understand how the funds they donate are distributed"

CONCLUSION
The conclusioni of this paper is that zakah establishments in Indonesia11 at present coordinate manual and advanced assortments.These two systems are as yet the standard.This is changed in accordance with the muzaki division.The muzaki section in metropolitan regions and millennial muzaki lean toward advanced gathering pledges.In light of these ends, the creators contend that the advancement of technique through zakahech extraordinarily influence the improvement of BAZ, LAZ and UPZ.In this manner, development by coordinating manual and computerized replies to the requirements while making it simpler for muzaki and zakah installment by focusing on the DSN-MUI and the North Sumatra Zakah People group and the second is scholastics as a drafter.The arrangement that BAZNAS will take in expanding the assortment of advanced based zakah (Zakahech) in view of the zakah digitalization availability list is that the pertinent power or partners are prescribed to give preparing or training offices that are as per the circumstances or requirements of BANZAS at this level and further fortify BAZNAS' ability to carry out the digitization cycle in the principal exercises of zakah the and urge them to have the option to ascend to the degree of next".The creator trusts that this paper can contribute both hypothetically and essentially.Hypothetically, this paper ideally can enhance the writing on zakah the board, and essentially for Islamic social establishments, specifically zakah organizations.Ideally this paper can act as an aide in fostering a model for creating Islamic social monetary foundations by Zakahech.

Figure 1. 1
Figure 1.1 Trends in How to Donate Before and Since the Covid-19 Pandemic Source by: Gopay Digital Outlook 2020